#BlackHistory Every Day
Today in Black History
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October 26, 1977~Dr. Clifford Wharton Jr. named chancellor of the State University of NY. He was the first African-American to head the largest university system in the nation.
During his tenure, he achieved greater management flexibility, strengthened research capability, and improved the quality image of the university.
He was appointed Chancellor Emeritus on May 10, 2012 and served as US Deputy Sec of State under President Clinton.
#BlackHistory Every Day
Today in Black History
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October 27, 1954 ~ B. O. Davis, Jr. becomes the first black general in the US Air Force. He followed in his father's footsteps in breaking racial barriers, as B. O. Davis Sr. was the 1st black brigadier general in the US Army.
Davis Jr, was also the Commander of the Tuskegee Airmen. Upon retirement he held the rank of lieutenant general and on December 9, 1998, President Clinton awarded him a 4th star, raising him to full general rank.
General Davis Sr.(Army) and General Davis Jr. (Air Force)
Prior to joining the Airforce Davis Jr was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Army. At the time he was commissioned, the Army had only two black officers who weren't chaplains – Benjamin O. Davis Sr. and Benjamin O. Davis Jr
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October 28, 1908 ~In 1905 the Western Colored Library opened at a private home in Louisville, KY. It was the first public library in the nation to serve and be fully operated by black residents. During that time, virtually all other public libraries around the country were closed to African Americans.
In 1908, the newly constructed Carnegie Library, fully funded by philanthropist Andrew Carnegie, opened at its current location at 604 S 10th St.
#BlackHistory Every Day Today in Black History
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October 29, 1969 ~ SCOTUS ordered immediate school desegregation. This decision, known as Alexander v. Holmes County Board, came 15 years after the groundbreaking Brown v. Board ruling in 1954, which declared segregated public schools unconstitutional.
Despite the Brown decision, many Southern states continued to delay. This decision marked a crucial milestone in the ongoing struggle for civil rights and equal education.
#BlackHistory Every Day Today in Black History
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October 30, 1954 ~Dept of Defense announced elimination of all segregated regiments in the armed forces.
This was a crucial step in the process of desegregation and the broader civil rights movement. It was the result of an Executive Order signed by President Truman in 1948, which called for equality in the armed services, regardless of race.
Despite challenges, the military became more inclusive and diverse over the next decades.
#BlackHistory Every Day Today in Black History
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October 31, 1945 ~ Educator, Booker T. Washington, inducted into the Hall of Fame for Great Americans.
Washington was born a slave and rose to become a leading African American intellectual of the 19 century, founding Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute (Now Tuskegee University) and the National Negro Business League. He advised Presidents Roosevelt and Taft and is remembered as the most influential African American speaker of his time.
#BlackHistory Every Day Today in Black History
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November 1, 1945 ~The 1st issue of Ebony magazine is published by John H. Johnson selling 25,000 copies.
After 71 years, in 2016, Johnson Publishing sold both Ebony and Jet, to a private equity firm called Clear View Group. The new publisher is known as Ebony Media Corporation. After the publication went bankrupt in July 2020, it was purchased for $14 million by Junior Bridgeman in December 2020.
https://myauctionfinds.com/2019/04/03/my-first-look-at-ebonys-first-issue-nov-1945/
#BlackHistory Every Day Today in Black History
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November 2, 1920 (Election Day) ~The Ocoee Massacre, the largest election-related massacre in the 20th Century. occurred in the town of Ocoee, Florida. This mass racial violence event that saw a white mob attack African-American residents was intended to keep black citizens from voting. Approximately 50 Blacks and two whites died in the violence and the entire Black community of Ocoee was forced to flee the town.
https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/the-ocoee-massacre-1920/
#BlackHistory Every Day Today in Black History
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November 3, 1992—Carol Moseley Braun, D-Ill., becomes the first Black woman elected to the US Senate.
Moseley Braun was also the first black U.S. Senator from the Democratic Party, the first woman to defeat an incumbent U.S. Senator in the primaries for the nomination by a major party, and the first female U.S. Senator from IL.
In January 2023, she was nominated by President Joe Biden to serve as chair of the US African Development Foundation
#BlackHistory Every Day Today in Black History
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November 4, 2008~Illinois Senator Barack Obama was elected the first African American President of the United States.
The man, his character, speaks volumes, and that's all I have to say about that.
#BlackHistory Every Day Today in Black History
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November 5, 1974 ~ George L. Brown becomes the Lieutenant Governor for Colorado, making him the first black Lieutenant Governor in the US.
Brown served on the Colorado State Senate for 18 years. He was also the first Black editor to work for a major daily newspaper in the Rocky Mountains, and the first black corporate officer in a major US aerospace company.
#BlackHistory Every Day Today in Black History
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November 6, 1900—James Weldon Johnson composes “Lift Ev’ry Voice And Sing.” The song becomes the “Black National Anthem.” In 1920, Johnson becomes the first Black head of the NAACP.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 7, 1841 ~ SUCCESSFUL MUTINY ON THE CREOLE SLAVE SHIP
Madison Washington, a slave aboard the the Creole, a slave ship en route to New Orleans, from Hampton, VA leads a successful rebellion. After 128 slaves overpowered their crew they sailed to the Bahamas, where they were granted asylum and freedom.
Because of the number of people eventually freed, the Creole mutiny was the most successful slave revolt in US history.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 8, 1938 ~ Crystal Bird Fauset becomes the 1st black woman elected to a state legislature in the U.S. acquiring this distinction by being named to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives.
Her accomplishments for African American people earned her a Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission Marker. It was unveiled in 1991 and can be found outside her old home on 5402 Vine Street in Philadelphia.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 9, 1868—The Howard University Medical School—the first designed to train Black medical personnel—opens in Washington, D.C.
There were eight students in the first class seven were black and one was white.
James T. Wormley became the first student to graduate from the school of medicine in 1870.
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/howard-university-medical_n_4242268
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 10, 1957—Charlie Sifford wins the Long Beach Open, becoming the first Black person to win a major professional golf tournament.
Sifford was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2004, the first African-American so honored. In May 2011 Charlotte’s old Revolution Park Golf Course, which for years was off limits to Black players was renamed after him and in 2014, was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Obama
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 11, 1989 ~Civil Rights Memorial is dedicated in Montgomery, AL
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 12, 1922~ Sigma Gamma Rho, Sorority Inc. founded by seven young educators and established at Butler University in Indianapolis, IN, a predominately white campus.
The sorority has more than 500 chapters in the United States, Bahamas, Bermuda, Canada, Germany, South Korea, U.S. Virgin Islands, and the United Arab Emirates.
The sorority's slogan is "Greater Service, Greater Progress"
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 13, 1940 ~Supreme Court ruled in Hansberry v.Lee that whites can't bar blacks from white neighborhoods. Carl Hansberry, a Black businessman, courageously challenged the discriminatory practices of the a Chicago Property Owners' Association by acquiring a building. Faced with backlash, a lawsuit was filed against him The legal battle reached the SCOTUS in 1940, where a pivotal decision was made, overturning the previous ruling.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 14, 1960 ~ At just six years old, Ruby Bridges became the first Black child to desegregate the all-white William Frantz Elementary School in New Orleans during the desegregation crisis.
Federal marshals had to escort Ruby, as she was faced with throngs of angry white protestors restrained by barricades.
Today, she is a Civil Rights Icon, Activist, Author, and Speaker.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 15, 1894 ~ The Freedmen’s Hospital School of Nursing was founded for African–Americans by Black surgeon Dr. Daniel Hale Williams.
The hospital trained Black medical professionals after slavery and during segregation, when Blacks were not allowed to train with whites at other institutions.
In 1967, Congress transferred Freedmen’s to Howard University where it was converted into the Howard University College of Nursing in 1969.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 16, 2001 ~ Agbani Darego is crowned Miss World becoming the first Black African to win the coveted beauty pageant. She was from the oil-rich West African nation of Nigeria.
Darego has since judged numerous pageants and modelling competitions, and launched a both a fashion reality show and her denim range, AD by Agbani Darego, which includes jeans, dresses, sunglasses and bags.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 17, 1972 ~ Barbara Jordan was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, the first woman elected in her own right to represent Texas in the House. She retired in 1979 after serving three terms.
After leaving office, Jordan received the Nelson Mandela Award for Health and Human Rights in 1993, and a Presidential Medal of Freedom, presented by President Bill Clinton in 1994.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 18, 1949 ~ NL batting leader (.342) Jackie Robinson wins NL MVP.
In 1962, he was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame, becoming the first African American to receive that honor.
Robinson's jersey number, 42, was retired by all MLB teams in 1997, a first in the history of the league, meaning that no player from any team would ever wear the number again.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 19, 2019 ~LeBron James hits 25 points, 11 rebounds & 10 assists as LA Lakers' beat Oklahoma City Thunder, 112-107 to become first player in NBA history to record a triple-double against all 30 franchises.
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One of his many records and accomplishments.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 20, 1962 ~Pres #JFK mandates end to housing discrimination through Exec Order 11063 which banned federally funded housing agencies from denying mortgages to any person based on race, color, creed or national origin.
This was an important symbolic step in curbing de facto segregation in U.S. housing, however, no legal teeth were attached to the order until Pres Johnson, signed Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act in 1968.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 21, 1934 ~ At the age of 17, Ella Fitzgerald makes her singing debut at the Apollo Theatre in Harlem, NY.
Within a year of winning she had been discovered by Chick Webb, to whose band she was legally paroled by the State of New York while still shy of her 18th birthday.
It was with this band that she scored her career-making hit, “A-Tisket A-Tasket” in 1938, but it was as a solo performer that she would become a jazz legend.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 22, 1993 ~ George Branham III becomes the first African American to win a major bowling championship at the Tournament of Champions, the PBA’s premiere event of the season.
Branham professional bowling career got off to a quick start as he achieved eight consecutive tournament wins between 1985 and 1987 including the Brunswick Memorial World Open in 1986 where he became the first African American to win a major PBA event.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 23, 1990 ~ The Piano Lesson, a play by August Wilson, wins the Pulitzer Prize for drama.
Set in 1936 Pittsburgh during the aftermath of the Great Depression, The Piano Lesson follows the lives of the Charles family and an heirloom, the family piano, which is decorated with designs carved by an enslaved ancestor. The play focuses on the arguments between a brother and a sister who have different ideas on what to do with the piano.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 24, 2021 ~ Three men were convicted of murder in the killing of Ahmaud Arbery, a Black man who was running through a Georgia subdivision in February 2020 when the white strangers chased him, trapped him on a quiet street and blasted him with a shotgun.
All three were convicted of felony murder, aggravated assault, false imprisonment, and criminal attempt to commit false imprisonment.
😢
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 25, 1955 ~ In a landmark civil rights case, Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company, the Inter-state Commerce Commission ruled that racial segregation on inter-state trains and passenger buses must end by January 10, 1956. It also ruled that segregation of inter-state travelers in public waiting-rooms is unlawful.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 26, 1895 ~ National Negro Medical Association founded. Currently named The National Medical Association (NMA), was created by 12 black doctors at the Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta, GA.
The organization’s mission was to combat racism and segregation in the medical field, both for medical professionals and their patients. NMA remains active in the fight for medical civil rights today.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 27, 1841~Liberators of the ship Amistad, Africans of the Mende Tribe, set sail to return to Africa.
Kidnapped, sold, and forced on the Amistad, the captives revolted, killing 2 crew members, including the captain. Lost at sea, they ended up in NY where their fight for freedom led to a U.S. trial and a landmark decision declaring them not guilty of mutiny.
They were freed and set sail back to Africa, arriving home in January 1842.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 28, 1901 ~ William Hooper Councill wrote a letter to the white people of Alabama.
In the letter, Councill outlines his views regarding the recently passed Alabama Constitution which effectively denied the vote to its African American citizens.
You can read the letter here:
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 29, 1961 ~ Freedom Riders Attacked by White Mob.
Freedom Riders were groups of white and African American civil rights activists who participated in Freedom Rides, bus trips through the American South in 1961 to protest segregated bus terminals.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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November 30, 1956 ~ At 21 years, 10 months, 3 weeks, 5 days Floyd Patterson becomes world heavyweight boxing champion. At that time, he was the youngest boxer in history to win the title.
Patterson was also the first heavyweight to regain the title after losing it. As an amateur, he won a gold medal in the middleweight division at the 1952 Summer Olympics. He is recognized as one of the best heavyweights of all time.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 1, 1987 ~ Carrie Saxon Perry begins her term as the mayor of Hartford, CT, becoming first African American woman mayor of a major U.S. city.
She served three terms before being defeated in 1993, and also served as a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from 1980 until 1987. Perry was known for her distinctive broad-rimmed hats.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 2, 1859 ~ John Brown, one of the leading White heroes of Black history, is hanged near Harpers Ferry, Va. He was a tireless crusader against slavery.
Brown’s frustration, with the slow pace of efforts to abolish slavery, led him to attempt to incite a violent slave revolt which began with a raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry in October 1859. His group was eventually cornered and he was hanged on this day in 1859.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 4, 1969 ~ Moneta Sleet Jr. of Ebony magazine awarded a Pulitzer Prize for photography becoming the first African American male to be cited by the Pulitzer committee.
He was awarded in Feature Photography for his photo of Coretta Scott King, Martin Luther King Jr.'s widow, at her husband's funeral.
During his years at Ebony, he also worked by MLK Jr.’s side for 13 years, capturing historical moments of the civil rights movement.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 5, 1957 ~ New York became the first city to legislate against racial or religious discrimination in housing market with adoption of Fair Housing Practices Law (Local Law 80, the Sharkey-Brown-Isaacs Law).
This law empowered the Commission on Intergroup Relations (COIR) to investigate and hold hearings on allegations of discrimination in private housing.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 6, 1936 ~ Dr. Richard Francis Jones (Dr. R. Frank Jones)became the first African American Diplomate of the American Board of Urology. He is the sixth African American ever to become a board-certified specialist in the U.S.
At the time, Black physicians were not allowed to join medical specialty societies, which kept them from working in most hospitals. Dr. Jones is also the first African American member of the AUA.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 7, 1874 ~ Vicksburg Massacre
Peter Crosby, a previously enslaved Black man, was elected as Vicksburg, Mississippi’s sheriff. Soon after he was indicted on bogus criminal charges and forcefully ousted from office by hordes of angry whites.
A group of blacks banded together to assist Mr. Crosby. In retaliation, enraged white mobs brutalized and slaughtered hundreds of Black citizens in a racially-charged terrorist attack.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 8, 1987 ~ Kurt Lidell Schmoke was inaugurated as the first African American mayor of Baltimore, Maryland.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 9, 1833 ~ The Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society was founded.
Inspired by the growing anti-slavery movement, an interracial group of 21 women, led by Quaker abolitionist Lucretia Mott, founded the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society (PFASS).
Mission: "We deem it our duty, as professing Christians to manifest our abhorrence of the flagrant injustice and deep sin of slavery by united and vigorous exertions."
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 10, 1846 ~ Norbert Rillieux invents the “multiple effect pan evaporator” which revolutionizes the sugar industry and makes the work much less hazardous for the workers.
Rillieux was born “quadroon libre” in New Orleans, La. His father was a wealthy French plantation owner and his mother a former slave. He was sent to Paris, France, to be educated in engineering. He also researched Egyptian hieroglyphics.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 11, 1917~ Racial tensions led to the Houston riot, triggered by mistreatment of Black soldiers. A Black corporal's inquiry into the treatment of a black woman escalated into a fight, and rumors of a White mob prompted 100 Black soldiers to march on downtown Houston killing 15 whites. The riot resulted in 13 Black soldiers being hanged.
The 2020 film, The 24th, is based on the history of the Houston Riot.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 12, 1975 ~ The National Association of Black Journalists (NABJ) was founded in Washington, D.C. The organization consists of journalists, students, and media-related professionals who provide programs and services on behalf of black journalists.
NABJ is the largest organization of journalists of color in the nation. The organization has worked for diversity and to increase the number of minorities in newsrooms across the country.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 13, 1957 ~ Daniel A Chapman becomes Ghana's 1st ambassador to the US
Daniel Ahmling Chapman Nyaho was the first African appointee at the U.N. and served Secretary to the cabinet in the first Convention People's Party government which shared the colony's administration with the colonial government. He also served as Ghana's ambassador to the US and Ghana's permanent representative to the U.N.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 14, 1959 ~ Motown Record Company, the first large Black-owned music company in America, was founded. With the creation Motown, founder Berry Gordy was able to introduce Black popular music to the country and garnered wide acclaim for his artists in the 1960s.
Motown's artists had the crossover power to break through racial divides of the era. Smokey and the Miracles' "Shop Around" was the label's first hit song.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 15, 2006 ~ B.B. King received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from Pres George W. Bush. The honor is bestowed to those who have contributed to the national interest of the United States, through actions of world peace, culture, and other significant public endeavors.
Other Awards:
*Blues Foundation Hall of Fame (1984)
*Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (1987).
*Grammy Award for Lifetime Achievement (1987).
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 16, 1946 ~
Booker T. Washington became the first African American featured on a coin issued by the U.S. Mint. Artist, sculptor, and educator Isaac Scott Hathaway -- the first African American commissioned by the U.S. Mint to design a coin -- created the commemorative half-dollar. Sales of the coin were earmarked to establish and maintain Washington's birthplace as a national monument.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 17, 1991 ~ Michael Jordan is named Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year.
Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time." He played fifteen seasons in the NBA, winning six NBA championships with the Chicago Bulls. He was integral in popularizing the sport of basketball and the NBA around the world in the 1980s and 1990s] becoming a global cultural icon.
His Accomplishments: MANY 🥰
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 18, 1865 ~ Congress passes the 13th Amendment to the Constitution officially abolishing slavery in America.
The amendment was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864, by the House of Representatives on January 31, 1865, and ratified by the required 27 of the then 36 states on December 6, 1865, and proclaimed on December 18. It was the first of the three Reconstruction Amendments adopted following the American Civil War.
#BlackCoSo
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 19, 1891 ~ One of the pioneers of Black Catholicism, Father Charles Randolph Uncles, was ordained in Baltimore, Md as the first African-American priest in the United States of America.
Two years later, he co-founded the Society of St. Joseph of the Sacred Heart (a.k.a. the Josephites), formed to minister to the African American community.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 20, 1860 ~ Believing the recent election of Abraham Lincoln would end slavery; South Carolina becomes the 1st state to secede from the Union. Other states hold conventions and by the time Lincoln takes office on March 4, 1861, seven Southern states had seceded to form the Confederacy. This laid the foundation for the Civil War. In 1865, the victory of the North ends slavery but not before more than 600,000 people had been killed.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 21, 1865 ~ South Carolina on enacted a series of “Black Codes.” The codes displayed a White Southern obsession with three things after losing the Civil War.
1) Controlling Blacks.
2) Preventing sexual relations between Blacks and Whites.
3) Retarding Black economic progress.
Fortunately, many of the codes were never fully enforced because Northern troops occupied the South and voided many of the “Black Codes.”
Stunning moment in time captured.
@nursefrombirth 😥
I refuse to press the "like" button. Grew up too close to Tulsa for that. But we have to learn these things. So thanks.
Born/raised Detroit, Berry Gordy was considered music royalty.
@nursefrombirth also he pioneered long and baggy shorts and made a bald head OK.
#BlackHistory Every Day ~Today in Black History
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December 3, 1970 ~ Jennifer Josephine Hosten of Grenada becomes the the 1st woman of African ancestry to win the Miss World contest.
She was crowned amid the greatest controversy in Miss World Pageant history.
The unrest continued when Ms. Hosten and the black contestant from South Africa were announced as Miss World and 1st runner up. Protesters charged that the results displayed racism against the unsuccessful white contestants.