The updates were made last week to SymCrypt, a core cryptographic code library for handing cryptographic functions in Windows and Linux.
https://github.com/microsoft/SymCrypt
The first new algorithm Microsoft added to SymCrypt is called ML-KEM. Previously known as CRYSTALS-Kyber, ML-KEM is one of three post-quantum standards formalized last month by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
The ML in the ML-KEM name refers to Module Learning with Errors, a problem that can’t be cracked with Shor’s algorithm. As explained here
(PDF URL)
https://eprint.iacr.org/2022/472.pdf
this problem is based on a “core computational assumption of lattice-based cryptography which offers an interesting trade-off between guaranteed security and concrete efficiency.”