Women Who Defied Traditional Gender Roles
One lesser-known historical woman who defied traditional gender roles and changed history was Annie Turnbo Malone, an African American entrepreneur, philanthropist, and inventor in the early 20th century. Born in 1869 to formerly enslaved parents, Malone grew up in a time when both racial and gender discrimination severely limited the opportunities available to Black women.
However, she harnessed her knowledge of chemistry and hair care to revolutionize the beauty industry and empower thousands of Black women.
Malone trained and employed thousands of women as "Poro agents," offering them financial independence at a time when few opportunities existed for Black women outside of domestic work. In this way, she not only defied traditional gender roles but also helped create a movement of economic empowerment for Black women across the United States and beyond.
Annie Turnbo Maloneβs influence extended far beyond the beauty industry. She used her wealth to support various philanthropic causes, including funding Black colleges, hospitals, and community centers. She also established Poro College, a center for business, culture, and education for African Americans.
Malone's pioneering efforts laid the groundwork for other Black entrepreneurs, including her famous protΓ©gΓ©, Madam C.J. Walker. By breaking racial and gender barriers in business, Malone created a legacy of empowerment and self-sufficiency that continues to inspire women and entrepreneurs today.
Malone developed a line of hair care products specifically for Black women, including a special scalp treatment and hair-growth formula called "Wonderful Hair Grower." In 1902, she founded the Poro Company, which quickly became a major success.