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Whirling discs, moving slides, multiple lenses – there seemed to be no end of ways to create and project moving images, some inventions being more cumbersome than others. http://www.classicmoviehub.com/blog/silents-are-golden-eidoloscopes-praxinoscopes-and-other-very-early-cinematic-inventions/
@estherschindler
You should check out Alvy Ray Smith's "A Biography of the Pixel", it's really excellent.