EXIF Data Is Always The First Stop
Reverse Image Search Can Give You Context
Convert The Image Into Search Terms
Check For Landmarks Or Other Clues
using different methods/tools will help narrow the search
Finding Geolocation Leads with Bellingcat's OpenStreetMap Search Tool
and here are 15 handy OSINT tools
https://www.csoonline.com/article/567859/what-is-osint-top-open-source-intelligence-tools.html