Native American Heritage Month
The Occupation of Alcatraz Begins
On November 9th, 1969, a group of Native American activists, predominantly students, embarked on a symbolic act of defiance that would capture the nation's attention and ignite a new era of Indigenous activism. This was the beginning of the occupation of Alcatraz Island, a former federal prison in San Francisco Bay.
Led by Mohawk activist Richard Oakes, the group, who called themselves "Indians of All Tribes," claimed the island based on an 1868 treaty that granted unused federal land to Native Americans. Their action was a powerful protest against the systemic oppression and injustices faced by Indigenous peoples in the United States.
The occupation of Alcatraz was more than just a land dispute. It was a bold assertion of Native American identity and sovereignty, a demand for recognition and respect.
The activists sought to establish a cultural center, a university, and a museum on the island, transforming a symbol of incarceration into a symbol of Indigenous pride and resilience.
This event challenged the prevailing narrative of Native Americans as a conquered and forgotten people. It brought their struggles to the forefront of public consciousness, forcing the nation to confront its history of broken treaties and forced assimilation.
The occupation lasted for 19 months, inspiring a generation of Native Americans to fight for their rights and self-determination.
While the occupation ultimately ended with the activists' removal by federal authorities, its impact was profound and lasting.
It marked a turning point in the Native American rights movement, paving the way for future activism and policy changes that aimed to address the historical injustices faced by Indigenous communities.